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Clinical Data as the Basic Staple of Health Learning - Roundtable On Value And Science Driven Health Care - Bog - National Academies Press -

Clinical Data as the Basic Staple of Health Learning - Roundtable On Value And Science Driven Health Care - Bog - National Academies Press -

Successful development of clinical data as an engine for knowledge generation has the potential to transform health and health care in America. As part of its Learning Health System Series, the Roundtable on Value & Science-Driven Health Care hosted a workshop to discuss expanding the access to and use of clinical data as a foundation for care improvement. Table of ContentsFront MatterSummary1 Clinical Data as the Basic Staple of the Learning Health System2 U.S. Healthcare Data Today: Current State of Play3 Changing the Terms: Data System Transformation in Progress4 Healthcare Data: Public Good or Private Property?5 Healthcare Data as a Public Good: Privacy and Security6 Creating a Next-Generation Data Utility: Building Blocks and the Action Agenda7 Engaging the Public8 Clinical Data as the Basic Staple of Health Learning: Ideas for ActionAppendixesAppendix A: Workshop AgendaAppendix B: Biographical Sketches of Workshop ParticipantsAppendix C: Workshop Attendee ListAppendix D: The IOM Committee on Health Research and the Privacy of Health Information: The HIPAA Privacy RuleOther Publications in the Learning Healthcare System Series

DKK 526.00
1

Strategic Engagement in Global S&T - Committee On Globalization Of Science And Technology: Opportunities And Challenges For The Departme - Bog -

Strategic Engagement in Global S&T - Committee On Globalization Of Science And Technology: Opportunities And Challenges For The Departme - Bog -

According to recent reports, the United States currently accounts for less than one-third of global research and development spending, and it is projected that this fraction will decline to 18% by 2050. These statistics, compounded by the recognition that the United States no longer maintains technological superiority across all research fields, highlight the need for the U.S. research community to stay abreast of emerging science and technology (S&T) around the world, to leverage others' investments, and to seek out collaborations in areas where researchers need to remain at the leading edge. The United States' Department of Defense (DoD) has long relied on its historical technological superiority to maintain military advantage. However, as the U.S. share of S&T output shrinks and as the U.S. defense research enterprise struggles to keep pace with the expanding challenges of the evolving security environment and the increased speed and cost of global technology development, the DoD must reexamine its strategy for maintaining awareness of emerging S&T developments occurring around the world. To fully leverage these advances and to make strategic research investments, the DoD must assess with whom and in which areas it should collaborate. To delve more deeply into the implications of the globalization of S&T and of international S&T engagement for the DoD, the Office of Naval Research, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research , and the Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Army for Research and Technology asked the National Research Council to assess current DoD strategies in the three Services - Army, Air Force, and Navy - for leveraging global S&T and for implementing and coordinating these strategies across the department. Strategic Engagement in Global S&T assesses the opportunities and challenges stemming from the globalization of S&T and the implications for the DoD and its Services. This report considers DoD strategies in the three Services for leveraging global S&T and implementation and coordination of these strategies across DoD. The report explores models for global Samp;T engagement utilized by other domestic and foreign organizations.Strategic Engagement in Global S&T assesses how the ongoing globalization of S&T may impact research funding and priorities and workforce needs, as well as issues of building and maintaining trusted relationships and avoiding technology surprises. This report will be of interest to researchers and industry professionals with expertise in the globalization of science and technology, international engagement, the defense research enterprise, program evaluation, and national security. Table of ContentsFront MatterSummary1 Globalization of Science and Technology2 Global S&T Engagement by the DOD3 Other Approaches for Global S&T Engagement4 Imperatives for Global S&T Engagement and Implications for DoDAppendixesAppendix A: Committee Member BiographiesAppendix B: Contributors to the StudyAppendix C: Participants of Overseas VisitsAppendix D: Sample Questions Asked During the Committee's Fact-Finding VisitsAppendix E: AbbreviationsAppendix F: Listing of International Branch Campuses from GlobalHigherEd.org

DKK 299.00
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S&T Strategies of Six Countries - Evaluate Standing Committee On Technology Insight Gauge - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

S&T Strategies of Six Countries - Evaluate Standing Committee On Technology Insight Gauge - Bog - National Academies Press - Plusbog.dk

An increase in global access to goods and knowledge is transforming world-class science and technology (S&T) by bringing it within the capability of an unprecedented number of global parties who must compete for resources, markets, and talent. In particular, globalization has facilitated the success of formal S&T plans in many developing countries, where traditional limitations can now be overcome through the accumulation and global trade of a wide variety of goods, skills, and knowledge. As a result, centers for technological research and development (R&D) are now globally dispersed, setting the stage for greater uncertainty in the political, economic, and security arenas. These changes will have a potentially enormous impact for the U.S. national security policy, which for the past half century was premised on U.S. economic and technological dominance. As the U.S. monopoly on talent and innovation wanes, arms export regulations and restrictions on visas for foreign S&T workers are becoming less useful as security strategies. The acute level of S&T competition among leading countries in the world today suggests that countries that fail to exploit new technologies or that lose the capability for proprietary use of their own new technologies will find their existing industries uncompetitive or obsolete. The increased access to information has transformed the 1950s' paradigm of "control and isolation" of information for innovation control into the current one of "engagement and partnerships" between innovators for innovation creation. Current and future strategies for S&T development need to be considered in light of these new realities. This book analyzes the S&T strategies of Japan, Brazil, Russia, India, China, and Singapore (JBRICS), six countries that have either undergone or are undergoing remarkable growth in their S&T capabilities for the purpose of identifying unique national features and how they are utilized in the evolving global S&T environment.

DKK 449.00
1

Review of the U.S. Department of Defense Air, Space, and Supporting Information Systems Science and Technology Program - National Research Council -

Review of the U.S. Department of Defense Air, Space, and Supporting Information Systems Science and Technology Program - National Research Council -

Since the mid-1940s, when Vannevar Bush and Theodore von Karman wrote Science, the Endless Frontier and Toward New Horizons, respectively, there has been a consensus that strong Department of Defense support of science and technology (S&T) is important to the security of the United States. During the Cold War, as it faced technologically capable adversaries whose forces potentially outnumbered U.S. forces, the United States relied on a strong defense S&T program to support the development of technologically superior weapons and systems that would enable it to prevail in the event of conflict. Since the end of the Cold War, the United States has relied on its technological superiority to maintain a military advantage while at the same time reducing the size of its forces. Over the past half-century, creating and maintaining a technologically superior military capability have become fundamental to U.S. national security strategy, and investment in S&T has become a basic component of the defense budget. In late 1998, Congress asked the Secretary of Defense to conduct a study, in cooperation with the National Research Council (NRC), on the S&T base of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). Congress was particularly concerned about areas of the S&T program related to air systems, space systems, and supporting information systems. Its concern was based on the Air Force's reduction of its S&T program from the largest of the three military service programs to the smallest. Congress also wanted to ensure that the Air Force maintained an appropriately sized S&T workforce. In late 1999, the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Science and Technology asked the NRC to conduct a study to explore these issues.

DKK 305.00
1

Improving the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Genomic Science Translation - Board On Health Sciences Policy - Bog - National Academies Press -

Improving the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Genomic Science Translation - Board On Health Sciences Policy - Bog - National Academies Press -

The process for translating basic science discoveries into clinical applications has historically involved a linear and lengthy progression from initial discovery to preclinical testing, regulatory evaluation and approval, and, finally, use in clinical practice. The low rate of translation from basic science to clinical application has been a source of frustration for many scientists, clinicians, investors, policy makers, and patients who hoped that investments in research would result in improved products and processes for patients. Some feel that the anticipated deliverables from the Human Genome Project have not yet materialized, and although understanding of human health and disease biology has increased, there has not been a concomitant increase in the number of approved drugs for patients over the past 10 years. Improving the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Genomic Science Translation is the summary of a workshop convened by the Institute of Medicine Roundtable on Translating Genomic-Based Research for Health in December 2012 to explore ways to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the translation of genomic science to clinical practice. The workshop convened academic researchers, industry representatives, policy makers, and patient advocates to explore obstacles to the translation of research findings to clinical practice and to identify opportunities to support improvement of the early stages of the process for translation of genetic discoveries. This report discusses the realignment of academic incentives, the detection of innovative ways to fund translational research, and the generation or identification of alternative models that accurately reflect human biology or disease to provide opportunities to work across sectors to advance the translation of genomic discoveries. Table of ContentsFront Matter1 Introduction2 Connecting Basic Research and Health Care Needs3 Moving Basic Science Forward4 Industry and Venture Capital5 Role of Advocacy in Facilitating Translation of Basic Scientific Research6 Strategies for ChangeReferencesAppendix A: Workshop AgendaAppendix B: Speaker Biographical SketchesAppendix C: Statement of TaskAppendix D: Registered Attendees

DKK 253.00
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Improving the Utility and Translation of Animal Models for Nervous System Disorders - Forum On Neuroscience And Nervous System Disorders - Bog -

Improving the Utility and Translation of Animal Models for Nervous System Disorders - Forum On Neuroscience And Nervous System Disorders - Bog -

Identifies methods to facilitate development of corresponding animal and clinical endpoints, indentifies methods that would maximize bidirectional translation between basic and clinical research and determines the next steps that can be critical for improvement of the development and testing of animal models of disorders of the nervous system.

DKK 266.00
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