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On Goodness - David Conan Wolfsdorf - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

On Goodness - David Conan Wolfsdorf - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

On Goodness attempts to answer the question "What is goodness?" It is natural to associate this question with ethics; but goodness is not confined to ethics. Water and wine, a strategy for streamlining maintenance operations, and an oil painting may all be good and in non-ethical ways. Goodness figures prominently in ethics; so the study serves ethics. But it serves other domains as well. On Goodness is a contribution to the foundations of value theory. It is also a metaphysical inquiry, for two reasons. As the examples indicate, the entity under investigation is extremely general. Goodness occurs in potables, plans, and paintings, among countless other kinds of things. Second, it is particularly obscure what sort of being the entity is. Besides the description "good," is there a single thing that good drinks, strategies, and artworks share? Is their goodness related in a more complex way? And regardless of these relations, in any instance, just what is that goodness? The question "What is goodness?" has been central to philosophy since Socrates and Plato made it their polestar. The distinctive contribution of On Goodness lies in its methodology. The method of pursuing the metaphysical question is linguistic. The basic proposal is that achieving the answer depends on clarifying the meaning and use of the words "good" and "goodness." Consequently, the study is pervasively informed by and critically engaged with contemporary linguistic theories and ideas.

DKK 890.00
1

The Varieties of Goodness - Georg Henrik Von Wright - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

The Varieties of Goodness - Georg Henrik Von Wright - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

First published in 1963, Varieties of Goodness presents analysis of the concept of value and its relations with the neighbouring concepts of fact and norm. The author discusses important themes such as instrumental and technical goodness; utilitarian goodness; goodness of faculties; active and passive pleasure; ethical hedonism; ideals of happiness; divisions of the virtues; connection between values and norms; concept of duty; and justice. This is a must read for scholars and researchers of philosophy.

DKK 901.00
1

Fractured Goodness - Christopher Shields - Bog - Oxford University Press - Plusbog.dk

Fractured Goodness - Christopher Shields - Bog - Oxford University Press - Plusbog.dk

Aristotle offers a searing rejection of Plato''s commitment to a Form of the Good; core among his complaints is that goodness is not univocal, that is, that there is no single essence-specifying account of goodness covering all the many varieties of goodness there are. Aristotle''s anti-Platonic arguments have been variously received: many of his readers regard them as wholly successful while many others maintain they are abject failures. This volume reconstructs and assesses these arguments afresh and asks a simple question: if they are sound, what is left for Aristotle? In particular, what principles does he have to vouchsafe the commensurability of the good things he himself regards as commensurable?

DKK 901.00
1

Natural Goodness - Philippa Foot - Bog - Oxford University Press - Plusbog.dk

Natural Goodness - Philippa Foot - Bog - Oxford University Press - Plusbog.dk

Philippa Foot has for many years been one of the most distinctive and influential thinkers in moral philosophy. Long dissatisfied with the moral theories of her contemporaries, she has gradually evolved a theory of her own that is radically opposed not only to emotivism and prescriptivism but also to the whole subjectivist, anti-naturalist movement deriving from David Hume. Dissatisfied also with both Kantian and utilitarian ethics, she claims to have isolated a special form of evaluation that predicates goodness and defect only to living things considered as such: she finds this form of evaluation in moral judgements. Her vivid discussion ranges over topics such as practical rationality, erring conscience, and the relation between virtue and happiness, ending with a critique of Nietzsche''s immoralism. Natural Goodness is the long-awaited exposition of a highly original approach to moral philosophy, representing a fundamental break away from the assumptions of recent debates. Foot challenges many prominent philosophical arguments and attitudes; hers is not, however, a work of dry theory, but full of life and feeling, written for anyone intrigued by the deepest questions about goodness and human life. This beautifully written book offers a new beginning for moral philosophy.

DKK 811.00
1

Pure Food - - Bog - Berghahn Books - Plusbog.dk

Pure Food - - Bog - Berghahn Books - Plusbog.dk

In presenting a variety of theoretical and cross-cultural perspectives on pure food, this volume demonstrates similarities and variations in cultural beliefs, behaviours and practices in different societies. These in turn highlight that pure food is a common issue for humanity, whatever the society, whatever the era. As a subject with much contemporary and cross-disciplinary relevance, Pure Food will appeal to students and academics involved in any food-related discipline, to professional practitioners promoting healthier foods and nutrition and to general readers with an interest in food.

DKK 1069.00
1

God's Goodness and God's Evil - James Kellenberger - Bog - Lexington Books - Plusbog.dk

God's Goodness and God's Evil - James Kellenberger - Bog - Lexington Books - Plusbog.dk

Religious thinkers in the Christian theistic tradition have tried to resolve the problem of evil—how a wholly good and omnipotent God could allow there to be evil—by offering a theodicy. This book considers three traditional theodicies and the objections they have elicited: Leibniz’s best of all possible worlds theodicy, the free will theodicy, and an Irenaean type of theodicy. It also considers metatheodicies and limited theodicies.However, this book departs from traditional religious thinking by presenting and treating religious approaches to evil that do not confront evil through the religious problem of evil. Primary among the three religious approaches to evil that are presented is the approach of Job-like belief. Such an approach embodies Job’s acceptance of evil as what God has given, expressed in his rhetorical “Shall we receive good at the hand of God, and shall we not receive evil?” (Job 2.10). The various elements of Job-like belief that are internally required for its approach to evil are critically examined, and it is seen how a Job-like approach to evil neither seeks nor requires a resolution to the problem of evil. The other two religious approaches to evil, as opposed to the problem of evil, are the effort to lessen evil in the world and the practice of forgiveness, both of which are compatible with each other and with a Job-like acceptance of evil, with which they can be combined.Also treated in this book are mystery and God’s goodness. Accompanying every theodicy is mystery (in its religious sense as that which is beyond human understanding), and the experience of the mystery of God’s goodness shining through the world and through evil is embodied in Job-like belief.

DKK 848.00
1

Is Goodness without God Good Enough? - - Bog - Rowman & Littlefield - Plusbog.dk

Is Goodness without God Good Enough? - - Bog - Rowman & Littlefield - Plusbog.dk

Morality and religion: intimately wed, violently opposed, or something else? Discussion of this issue appears in pop culture, the academy, and the media_often generating radically opposed views. At one end of the spectrum are those who think that unless God exists, ethics is unfounded and the moral life is unmotivated. At the other end are those who think that religious belief is unnecessary for_and even a threat to_ethical knowledge and the moral life. This volume provides an accessible, charitable discussion that represents a range of views along this spectrum. The book begins with a lively debate between Paul Kurtz and William Lane Craig on the question, Is goodness without God good enough? Kurtz defends the affirmative position and Craig the negative. Following the debate are new essays by prominent scholars. These essays comment on the debate and advance the broader discussion of religion and morality. The book closes with final responses from Kurtz and Craig.

DKK 901.00
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Hans Kelsen's Pure Theory of Law - Lars Vinx - Bog - Oxford University Press - Plusbog.dk

Hans Kelsen's Pure Theory of Law - Lars Vinx - Bog - Oxford University Press - Plusbog.dk

Hans Kelsen is commonly considered to be among the founding fathers of modern legal philosophy. Despite Kelsen''s prominence as a legal theorist, his political theory has so far been mostly overlooked. This book argues that Kelsen''s legal theory, the Pure Theory of Law, needs to be read in the context of Kelsen''s political theory. It offers the first comprehensive interpretation of the Pure Theory that makes systematic use of Kelsen''s conception of the rule of law, of his theory of democracy, his defense of constitutional review, and his views on international law. Once it is read in the context of Kelsen''s political works, Kelsen''s analysis of legal normativity provides us with a notion of political legitimacy that is distinct from any comprehensive and contestable theory of justice. It shows how members of pluralist societies can reasonably acknowledge the binding nature of law, even where its content does not fully accord with their own substantive views of the requirements of justice, provided it is created in accordance with an ideal of fair arbitration amongst social groups. This result leads to a fundamental re-evaluation of the Pure Theory of Law. The theory is best understood as an attempt to find a middle ground between natural law and legal positivism. Later positivist legal theorists inspired by Kelsen''s work failed to appreciate the political-theoretical context of the Pure Theory and turned to a narrow instrumentalism about the functions of law. The perspective on Kelsen offered in this book aims to reconnect positivist legal thought with normative political theory.

DKK 1085.00
1

Taixu’s ‘On the Establishment of the Pure Land in the Human Realm’ - Charles B. Jones - Bog - Bloomsbury Publishing PLC - Plusbog.dk

Taixu’s ‘On the Establishment of the Pure Land in the Human Realm’ - Charles B. Jones - Bog - Bloomsbury Publishing PLC - Plusbog.dk

In this book, Charles B. Jones provides the first English language translation of one of the most important texts of modern Chinese Buddhism: monk-reformer Taixu’s ‘On the Establishment of the Pure Land in the Human Realm’. The essay, written in 1926 as part of Taixu’s attempt to revive Chinese Buddhism with a Humanistic Buddhist approach, incorporates Western thought into a reconstruction of the idea of the ‘Pure Land in the human realm’. In his commentary on the text, Jones argues that it has been widely misunderstood and mischaracterized. Jones demonstrates that, besides laying out the very modern idea of the Pure Land in the human realm as a slogan for Buddhist engagement with the problems of the modern world, the essay does not, as commonly assumed, discourage practices leading to rebirth in the Pure Land. He also shows that the ‘human realm’ can mean anywhere in Buddhist cosmology that humans reside, and that the essay’s attempts to reconcile Buddhism with modern science is tentative and incomplete. Jones reveals that the essay promotes visions of both paradises and utopias, and that Taixu supports his ideas with many lengthy sutra quotations. The book concludes with an examination of how Taixu’s followers developed the idea of the Pure Land in the human realm into a more coherent and modernized ideal.

DKK 909.00
1

Pure Theory of Law - Hans Kelsen - Bog - University of California Press - Plusbog.dk

Pure Theory of Law - Hans Kelsen - Bog - University of California Press - Plusbog.dk

Pure Theory of Law defines law as a system of coercive norms created by the state that rests on the validity of a generally accepted Grundnorm, or basic norm, such as the supremacy of the Constitution. Entirely self-supporting, it rejects any concept derived from metaphysics, politics, ethics, sociology, or the natural sciences. Beginning with the medieval reception of Roman law, traditional jurisprudence has maintained a dual system of “subjective” law (the rights of a person) and “objective” law (the system of norms). Throughout history this dualism has been a useful tool for putting the law in the service of politics, especially by rulers or dominant political parties. The pure theory of law destroys this dualism by replacing it with a unitary system of objective positive law that is insulated from political manipulation. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1967. Pure Theory of Law defines law as a system of coercive norms created by the state that rests on the validity of a generally accepted Grundnorm, or basic norm, such as the supremacy of the Constitution. Entirely self-supporting, it rejects any concept deri

DKK 820.00
1

The Roots of Goodness and Resistance to Evil - Ervin Staub - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

The Roots of Goodness and Resistance to Evil - Ervin Staub - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

In The Roots of Goodness and Resistance to Evil, Ervin Staub draws on his extensive experiences in scholarship and intervention to illuminate the socializing experiences, education, and trainings that lead children and adults to become helpers/active bystanders and rescuers, acting to prevent violence and create peaceful and harmonious societies. The book collects Staub''s most important and influential articles and essays in the field, compiling a variety of examples of helping behaviors as well as discussions of why we should help and not harm others. He addresses a wide range of such behaviors, from helping people in everyday physical or psychological distress, to active bystandership in response to harmful actions by youth toward their peers (bullying), to endangering one''s life to save someone in immediate danger, or rescuing intended victims of genocide.Staub engages with ways to promote active bystandership in the service of preventing violence, helping people to heal from violence, and building caring societies. He explores the range of experiences that lead to active bystandership, including socialization by parents, teachers (and peers) in childhood, education, experiential learning, and public education through media. He examines what personal characteristics or dispositions result from such experiences, which in turn lead to caring and helping. Staub also considers how circumstances influence people--both individuals and whole groups--and how they join with personal dispositions to determine whether people remain passive in the face of others'' need or instead help others and behave in morally courageous or even heroic ways. He considers how moral and caring values can be subverted by circumstances, and outlines ways to resist that possiblity. He also considers how past victimization and the resulting psychological woundedness, which can lead to "defensive violence" or hostility toward people and the world, may be transformed by other experiences, leading to "altruism born of suffering." The book draws on research and theory as well as work in applied settings. Ultimately this book will help readers explore how we can turn ourselves into active, helpful people and what we need to do to create peaceful and caring societies.

DKK 881.00
1