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After the Death of Nature Carolyn Merchant and the Future of Human-Nature Relations

After the Death of Nature Carolyn Merchant and the Future of Human-Nature Relations

Carolyn Merchant’s foundational 1980 book The Death of Nature: Women Ecology and the Scientific Revolution established her as a pioneering researcher of human-nature relations. Her subsequent groundbreaking writing in a dozen books and over one hundred peer-reviewed articles have only fortified her position as one of the most influential scholars of the environment. This book examines and builds upon her decades-long legacy of innovative environmental thought and her critical responses to modern mechanistic and patriarchal conceptions of nature and women as well as her systematic taxonomies of environmental thought and action. Seventeen scholars and activists assess praise criticize and extend Merchant’s work to arrive at a better and more complete understanding of the human place in nature today and the potential for healthier and more just relations with nature and among people in the future. Their contributions offer personal observations of Merchant’s influence on the teaching research and careers of other environmentalists. | After the Death of Nature Carolyn Merchant and the Future of Human-Nature Relations

GBP 36.99
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The Danish Medieval Laws the laws of Scania Zealand and Jutland

The Danish Medieval Laws the laws of Scania Zealand and Jutland

The Danish medieval laws: the laws of Scania Zealand and Jutland contains translations of the four most important medieval Danish laws written in the vernacular. The main texts are those of the Law of Scania the two laws of Zealand – Valdemar’s and Erik’s – and the Law of Jutland all of which date from the early thirteenth century. The Church Law of Scania and three short royal ordinances are also included. These provincial laws were first written down in the first half of the thirteenth century and were in force until 1683 when they were replaced by a national law. The laws preserved in over 100 separate manuscripts are the first extended texts in Danish and represent a first attempt to create a Danish legal language. The book starts with a brief but thorough introduction to the history of Denmark in the thirteenth century covering the country the political setting and the legal context in which the laws were written. There follows the translated text from each province preceded by a general introduction to each area and an introduction to the translation offering key contextual information and background on the process of translating the laws. An Old Danish-English glossary is also included along with an annotated glossary to support the reading of the translations. This book will be essential reading for students and scholars of medieval Scandinavian legal history. | The Danish Medieval Laws the laws of Scania Zealand and Jutland

GBP 39.99
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Being Human Psychological Perspectives on Human Nature

Being Human Psychological Perspectives on Human Nature

While there may be no one single characteristic that differentiates humans as a species it is the combination of differences from other species that makes us unique. The new edition of Being Human examines the psychology of being human through exploring different psychological traditions alongside philosophy and evolutionary theory covering themes such as culture cognition language morality and society. Our nature – or ‘essence’ – is something that has preoccupied human beings throughout our history beginning with philosophy and religion and continuing through the biological social and psychological sciences. Being Human begins by describing some of the major philosophical accounts of human nature from Ancient Greek philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle to major British and Continental philosophers such as Locke and Nietzsche. The book considers religious accounts of human nature with their focus on the nature of good and evil and scientific accounts of genetics and the brain which underpin the distinctively human cognitive ability of language. Attention then turns to the ideas of the behaviourists such as Skinner Freud and other psychodynamic psychologists and humanistic-phenomenological psychologists such as Maslow. Finally human culture is discussed as the ultimate defining characteristic of human beings: culture represents our ‘natural habitat’ and what defines us as a species. This updated second edition includes increased coverage of social psychology and has a broader scope in order to identify the defining characteristics of human beings. With reference to current psychological research and philosophical material this is fascinating reading for students of psychology philosophy and the social sciences. | Being Human Psychological Perspectives on Human Nature

GBP 29.99
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The Routledge History of Human Rights

The Routledge History of Human Rights

The Routledge History of Human Rights is an interdisciplinary collection that provides historical and global perspectives on a range of human rights themes of the past 150 years. The volume is made up of 34 original contributions. It opens with the emergence of a new internationalism in the mid-nineteenth century examines the interwar League of Nations and the United Nations eras of human rights and decolonization and ends with the serious challenges for rights norms laws institutions and multilateral cooperation in the national security world after 9/11. These essays provide a big picture of the strategic political and changing nature of human rights work in the past and into the present day and reveal the contingent nature of historical developments. Highlighting local national and non-Western voices and struggles the volume contributes to overcoming Eurocentric biases that burden human rights histories and studies of international law. It analyzes regions and organizations that are often overlooked. The volume thus offers readers a new and broader perspective on the subject. International in coverage and containing cutting-edge interpretations the volume provides an overview of major themes and suggestions for future research. This is the perfect book for those interested in social justice grass roots activism and international politics and society.

GBP 42.99
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Reflective Equilibrium and the Principles of Logical Analysis Understanding the Laws of Logic

Reflective Equilibrium and the Principles of Logical Analysis Understanding the Laws of Logic

This book offers a comprehensive account of logic that addresses fundamental issues concerning the nature and foundations of the discipline. The authors claim that these foundations can not only be established without the need for strong metaphysical assumptions but also without hypostasizing logical forms as specific entities. They present a systematic argument that the primary subject matter of logic is our linguistic interaction rather than our private reasoning and it is thus misleading to see logic as revealing the laws of thought. In this sense fundamental logical laws are implicit to our language games and are thus more similar to social norms than to the laws of nature. Peregrin and Svoboda also show that logical theories despite the fact that they rely on rules implicit to our actual linguistic practice firm up these rules and make them explicit. By carefully scrutinizing the project of logical analysis the authors demonstrate that logical rules can be best seen as products of the so called reflective equilibrium. They suggest that we can profit from viewing languages as inferential landscapes and logicians as geographers who map them and try to pave safe routes through them. This book is an essential resource for scholars and researchers engaged with the foundations of logical theories and the philosophy of language. | Reflective Equilibrium and the Principles of Logical Analysis Understanding the Laws of Logic

GBP 38.99
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Human Trafficking Exploring the International Nature Concerns and Complexities

Human Trafficking Exploring the International Nature Concerns and Complexities

Human trafficking is a crime that undermines fundamental human rights and a broader sense of global order. It is an atrocity that transcends borders—with some regions known as exporters of trafficking victims and others recognized as destination countries. Edited by three global experts and composed of the work of an esteemed panel of contributors Human Trafficking: Exploring the International Nature Concerns and Complexities examines techniques used to protect and support victims of trafficking as well as strategies for prosecution of offenders. Topics discussed include: How data on human trafficking should be collected and analyzed and how data collection can be improved through proper contextualizationThe importance of harmonization and consistency in legal definitions and interpretations within and among regionsThe need for increased exchange of information and cooperation between the various actors involved in combating human trafficking including investigators law enforcement and criminal justice professionals and social workersProblems with victim identification as well as erroneous assumptions of the scope of victimizationControversy over linking protection measures with cooperation with authoritiesHighlighting the issues most addressed by contemporary scholars researchers practitioners and policy-makers this volume also suggests areas ripe for further inquiry and investigation. Supplemented by discussion questions in each chapter the book is sure to stimulate debate on a troubling phenomenon. | Human Trafficking Exploring the International Nature Concerns and Complexities

GBP 32.99
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Unlocking the Nature of Human Aggression A Psychoanalytic and Neuroscientific Approach

Unlocking the Nature of Human Aggression A Psychoanalytic and Neuroscientific Approach

Unlocking the Nature of Human Aggression is a neuropsychoanalytic and scientific exploration of aggression and argues for its central role in psychopathology and the genesis of individual symptoms as well as in broader systemic conflicts and violence. Adrian Perkel creates a unique theoretical approach to the various manifestations we encounter of individual group and geo-political aggression and destructiveness. Based on psychoanalytic investigations of this dynamic and Freud’s incomplete exploration of this human drive this book seeks to understand the science of aggression that Freud himself suggested would be possible with time and scientific development. Perkel investigates the commonplace inversion of the perpetrator and victim narratives navigating through the complexity of how the aggressive drive often driven by feelings aimed at homeostatic regulation challenges the perception of any objective view of who is perpetrator and who victim. He includes his own personal experiences of South African Apartheid as well as historical and contemporary data such as speeches from historical figures during times of war including the Second World War and the Ukrainian/Russian conflict. Offering a fresh and innovative insight into the nature of this paradoxical drive in humans this book integrates the psychology psychodynamics and neuroscience of modern research into a coherent exposition of this key aspect of psychic functioning in humans. It is an essential read for analysts in practice and training psychologists and other mental health professionals and students looking for a modernised theoretical model of the destructive and aggressive drive of the psyche to facilitate better interventions for individual and couple patients and for interventions at systemic and organisational levels. | Unlocking the Nature of Human Aggression A Psychoanalytic and Neuroscientific Approach

GBP 29.99
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A Treatise of the Laws for the Relief and Settlement of the Poor Volume II

A Treatise of the Laws for the Relief and Settlement of the Poor Volume II

First published in 1805 this work summarises the vast array of laws at the time on the relief of the poor in Great Britain. Split across two volumes it not only condenses the laws themselves but also disentangles the theory and doctrine of each law and explains how the theory should have been applied in practice. This work will be a valuable primary source for those studying 19th poor relief and welfare. | A Treatise of the Laws for the Relief and Settlement of the Poor Volume II

GBP 48.99
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The Human Elder In Nature Culture And Society

The Human Elder In Nature Culture And Society

Chronicling the evolution of David Gutmann's cross-cultural empirical studies on which his developmental theories of aging are based this volume reveals how descriptions of the developmental sequences (as they show themselves in older men and women) lead to identification of the psychological forces that drive these processes across the years. This book of new and previously published work first reports on the research that buttressed the more hopeful view of aging as a period of growth and then sets forth the broad unifying ideas that came out of the empirical work. These concepts include the theory of the Parental Imperative—the engine of human development in early and later adulthood; observations on the gentling of the older man and the increased assertiveness of the older woman; essays about the unique qualities of aging leaders and the special role of the aged as representatives of the community to its gods; and ideas about the evolutionary basis of the third age—aging as a human adaptation a legitimate life stage rather than the grim prelude to death. The last group of selections focuses on the clinical perspective applying developmental insights to the psychological disorders of later life ultimately leading to a more hopeful view of these conditions as well as more effective approaches to their treatment. Each section contains original commentary placing the material in the context of current research. This text is for gerontologists for all students of human development and for all thoughtful readers who are concerned with the great themes of the human life-cycle—in-cluding their own. | The Human Elder In Nature Culture And Society

GBP 39.99
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Human Rights Human Wrongs In the Scale of Human Conscience

Human Rights Human Wrongs In the Scale of Human Conscience

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is the best gift of the United Nations and its main human rights organ the Human Rights Commission to “We the Peoples of the World”. But that powerful instrument is often rendered powerless by the behaviour of individuals running the institutions and the states arguably the most powerful institution conceptualised by human mind so far. In the process the UN comes under serious criticism and its most important organ which helped give the UDHR was dissolved for “failing to live up to its ideals”. Ironically the same states and their representatives most instrumental in creating the UN institutions including the Human Rights Commission first but later vilifying it and leading the campaign for its replacement by the Human Rights Council are now once again attacking it as “hypocritical and self-serving organisation that makes a mockery of human rights” and the most powerful member state feels compelled to walk out of the Council. Where does the world the UN and “we the peoples” stand in the search for greater freedom from want and fear better enjoyment of dignity and rights?Travelling through an extraordinary journey of life academic pursuits and expeditions of professional and diplomatic mountain climbing including the Chairmanship of the 56th Session of the UN Commission on Human Rights and its 5th Special Session on the Human Rights of the Palestinian People in the Occupied Palestine Territories Shambhu Ram Simkhada presents a scholarly diplomatic advocate and defender perspectives on the contemporary state of human rights and human wrongs in the scale of his own human conscience. Please note: Taylor & Francis does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India Pakistan Nepal Bhutan Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. | Human Rights Human Wrongs In the Scale of Human Conscience

GBP 130.00
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The Archaeology of Human Bones

The Archaeology of Human Bones

The Archaeology of Human Bones provides an up to date account of the analysis of human skeletal remains from archaeological sites introducing students to the anatomy of bones and teeth and the nature of the burial record. Drawing from studies around the world this book illustrates how the scientific study of human remains can shed light upon important archaeological and historical questions. This new edition reflects the latest developments in scientific techniques and their application to burial archaeology. Current scientific methods are explained alongside a critical consideration of their strengths and weaknesses. The book has also been thoroughly revised to reflect changes in the ways in which scientific studies of human remains have influenced our understanding of the past and has been updated to reflect developments in ethical debates that surround the treatment of human remains. There is now a separate chapter devoted to archaeological fieldwork on burial grounds and the chapters on DNA and ethics have been completely rewritten. This edition of The Archaeology of Human Bones provides not only a more up to date but also a more comprehensive overview of this crucial area of archaeology. Written in a clear style with technical jargon kept to a minimum it continues to be a key work for archaeology students.

GBP 38.99
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Archaeology The Science of the Human Past

Archaeology The Science of the Human Past

Archaeology: The Science of the Human Past provides students with a thorough understanding of what archaeology is and how it operates and familiarizes them with fundamental archaeological concepts and methods. This volume introduces the basic components of archaeology including sites artifacts ecofacts remote sensing and excavation. It discusses how archaeologists obtain and classify information and how they analyze this information to formulate and test models of what happened in the past. Cultural resource management and the laws and regulations that deal with archaeology around the world are described. Archaeology is placed in the context of contemporary issues from environmental problems to issues affecting Indigenous populations. The sixth edition has been updated and simplified to create a more streamlined volume to meet the needs of the students and teachers for whom it is designed reflecting the latest developments in archaeological techniques and approaches. Allowing students to understand the theoretical and scientific aspects of archaeology and how various archaeological perspectives and techniques help us understand how and what we know about the past Archaeology: The Science of the Human Past is an ideal introduction to archaeology. | Archaeology The Science of the Human Past

GBP 99.99
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Condillac and His Reception On the Origin and Nature of Human Abilities

Condillac and His Reception On the Origin and Nature of Human Abilities

This volume explores the philosophy of Étienne Bonnot de Condillac. It presents for the first time English-language essays on Condillac’s philosophy making the complexity and sophistication of his arguments and their influence on early modern philosophy accessible to a wider readership. Condillac’s reflections on the origin and nature of human abilities such as the ability to reason reflect and use language took philosophy in distinctly new directions. This volume showcases the diversity of themes and methods inspired by Condillac’s work. The chapters are divided into four thematic sections. Part 1 traces connections between Condillac and his contemporaries to understand the context in which themes and discussions central to Condillac’s own philosophical thinking evolved. Part 2 focuses on the different ways in which Condillac’s philosophy was taken up challenged and further developed in nineteenth-century France before moving in Part 3 to the discussion of thinkers outside of France. Finally Part 4 looks at the contemporary applications of Condillac’s philosophy in a variety of different fields such as phenomenology psychology and psychopathology. Condillac and His Reception will appeal to scholars and advanced students working on early modern philosophy history of science and intellectual history. | Condillac and His Reception On the Origin and Nature of Human Abilities

GBP 130.00
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Revisiting the Regulation of Human Fertilisation and Embryology

Revisiting the Regulation of Human Fertilisation and Embryology

The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 was a major update to the UK’s laws on the use and regulation of reproductive technology and assisted reproduction. Since the enactment of the new law the sector’s regulatory body the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) has also consulted on various related topics including barriers to egg and sperm donation in the UK multiple births/single embryo transfer and using IVF technology to prevent mitochondrial disease. This book critically considers recent developments in human fertilisation legislation asking whether the 2008 Act has achieved its stated aim of being fit for purpose. Bringing together a range of international experts the book evaluates the fresh risks and challenges emerging from both established and existing technologies and techniques in the field of human fertilisation and embryology as well as offering valuable insights into the social and regulatory challenges that lie ahead. Key topics include problems with DIY assisted conception; the lack of reform in respect of the regulation of surrogacy arrangements; and mitochondrial DNA transfer. As a review of the status of assisted reproduction legislation this book will be of great use and interest to students researchers and practitioners in medical law bioethics medicine and child welfare. | Revisiting the Regulation of Human Fertilisation and Embryology

GBP 48.99
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Policy and Pragmatism in the Conflict of Laws

Policy and Pragmatism in the Conflict of Laws

This title was first published in 2001. After languishing for decades in the domains of rigid doctrinalism and confusing theory the conflict of laws is increasingly being recognized as an important area of law to a global community. To demonstrate its importance Michael Whincop and Mary Keyes transcend the divide between the English pragmatic tradition and the circularity of American policy-based theory. They argue that the law governing multistage conflicts can minimize the social costs of litigation increase the extent of co-ordination facilitate private ordering and limit regulatory monopolies and cross-border spillovers. Pragmatic in outlook and economic in methodology they pursue these themes across a broad range of doctrinal issues and offer valuable links to parallel analyses in domestic contexts. | Policy and Pragmatism in the Conflict of Laws

GBP 74.99
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Sustainability and the Rights of Nature in Practice

Sustainability and the Rights of Nature in Practice

Sustainability and the Rights of Nature in Practice is the much-needed complementary volume to Sustainability and the Rights of Nature: An Introduction (CRC Press May 2017). The first book laid out the international precursors for the Rights of Nature doctrine and described the changes required to create a Rights of Nature framework that supports Nature in a sustainable relationship rather than as an exploited resource. This follow-up work provides practitioners from diverse cultures around the world an opportunity to describe their own projects successes and challenges in moving toward a legal personhood for Nature. It includes contributions from Nepal New Zealand Canadian Native American cultures Kiribati the United States and Scotland amongst others by practitioners working on projects that can be integrated into a Rights of Nature framework. The authors also tackle required changes to shift the paradigm such as thinking of Nature in a sacred manner reorienting Nature’s rights and human rights the conceptualization of restoration and the removal of large-scale energy infrastructure. Curated by experts in the field this expansive collection of papers will prove invaluable to a wide array of policymakers and administrators environmental advocates and conservation groups tribal land managers and communities seeking to create or maintain a sustainable relationship with Nature. Features: Addresses existing projects that are successfully implementing a Rights of Nature legal framework including the difference it makes in practice Presents the voices of practitioners not often recognized who are working in innovative ways towards sustainability and the need to grant a voice to Nature in human decision-making Explores new ideas from the insights of a diverse range of cultures on how to grant legal personhood to Nature restrain damaging human activity create true sustainability and glimpse how a Rights of Nature paradigm can work in different societies Details the potential pitfalls to Rights of Nature governance and land use decisions from people doing the work as well as their solutions Discusses the basic human needs for shelter food and community in entirely new ways: in relationship with Nature rather than in conquest of it Chapter 6 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4. 0 license available at http://www. taylorfrancis. com/books/e/9780429505959

GBP 49.99
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The Routledge Handbook of the Bioarchaeology of Human Conflict

The Routledge Handbook of the Bioarchaeology of Human Conflict

If human burials were our only window onto the past what story would they tell? Skeletal injuries constitute the most direct and unambiguous evidence for violence in the past. Whereas weapons or defenses may simply be statements of prestige or status and written sources are characteristically biased and incomplete human remains offer clear and unequivocal evidence of physical aggression reaching as far back as we have burials to examine. Warfare is often described as ‘senseless’ and as having no place in society. Consequently its place in social relations and societal change remains obscure. The studies in The Routledge Handbook of the Bioarchaeology of Human Conflict present an overview of the nature and development of human conflict from prehistory to recent times as evidenced by the remains of past people themselves in order to explore the social contexts in which such injuries were inflicted. A broadly chronological approach is taken from prehistory through to recent conflicts however this book is not simply a catalogue of injuries illustrating weapon development or a narrative detailing ‘progress’ in warfare but rather provides a framework in which to explore both continuity and change based on a range of important themes which hold continuing relevance throughout human development.

GBP 44.99
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The Philosophy of Mathematics and Natural Laws Another Copernican Revolution

The Philosophy of Mathematics and Natural Laws Another Copernican Revolution

First published in 1997 this title is a sequel to Dr Noel Curran's first book The Logical Universe: The Real Universe (published by Ashgate under the Avebury imprint 1994). The philosophy of mathematics in this book is based on ideas of Sir William Rowan Hamilton on the ordinal character of numbers the real numbers the measure numbers scalar numbers and the extension to vectors. The final extension is to Hamilton’s quaternions. This algebra is interpreted as the mathematics of spin. This led to a a new theory of time and space which is Euclidian. The motion of spin is absolute no frame of reference is required. If time is assumed to have a beginning it would be asymmetric with an arrow. This concept is applied to the laws of nature which are symmetrical. This is another Copernican Revolution in three aspects: absolute time is restored time has an arrow - is asymmetric and thirdly the theory is based on the motion of spin which is absolute and more fundamental than the motion of translation. This opens the way to the final unification of physics. | The Philosophy of Mathematics and Natural Laws Another Copernican Revolution

GBP 31.99
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Life and the Student Roadside Notes on Human Nature Society and Letters

Life and the Student Roadside Notes on Human Nature Society and Letters

Life and the Student (1927) with a new introduction by Jonathan B. Imber is a compilation of reflections commentaries and letters from other scholars that Charles Horton Cooley accumulated throughout his life. The book includes personal passages on various topics within the realms of reading and writing thinking art science sociology academia religion and human nature. There is no formal structure to the book except the literary sense that organizes these thoughts and observations about life. It is impossible to categorize these widely ranging commentaries. They include discussions of the automobile the impressionable nature of young people the claim that the question of racial superiority is still unresolved his belief that eugenists are inconsistent in their views and more. Cooley's work sought to emphasize the connection between society and the individual. He believed that the two could only be understood in relationship to each other. While researching the effects of social responses and social participation he created the concept of the looking-glass self which is the theory that a person's sense of self grows out of interpersonal interactions and the perceptions of others. Cooley also showed that social life and the relationship between groups and communities stems from mental phenomena. | Life and the Student Roadside Notes on Human Nature Society and Letters

GBP 130.00
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Conservation Concepts Rethinking Human–Nature Relationships

Conservation Concepts Rethinking Human–Nature Relationships

This book provides a review of the multitude of conservation concepts both from a scientific philosophical and social science perspective asking how we want to shape our relationships with nature as humans and providing guidance on which conservation approaches can help us to do this. Nature conservation is a contested terrain and there is not only one idea about what constitutes conservation but many different ones which sometimes are conflicting. Employing a conceptual and historical analysis this book sorts and interprets the differing conservation concepts with a special emphasis on narrative analysis as a means for describing human–nature relationships and for linking conservation science to practice and to society at large. Case studies illustrate the philosophical issues and help to analyse major controversies in conservation biology. While the main focus is on Western ideas of conservation the book also touches upon non-Western including indigenous concepts. The approach taken in this book emphasises the often implicit strategic and societal dimensions of conservation concepts including power relations. In finding a path through the multitude of concepts the book showcases that it is necessary to maintain the plurality of approaches in order to successfully address different situations and societal choices. Overall this book highlights the very tension which conservation biology must withstand between science and society: between what is possible and what we want individually or as a society or even more what is desirable. Bringing some order into this multitude will support more efficient conservation and conservation biology. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars studying nature conservation from a variety of disciplines including biology ecology anthropology sociology geography and philosophy. It will also be of use to professionals wanting to gain an understanding of the broad spectrum of conservation concepts and approaches and when to apply them. | Conservation Concepts Rethinking Human–Nature Relationships

GBP 35.99
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The Transnational Crime of Human Trafficking A Human Security Approach

The Transnational Crime of Human Trafficking A Human Security Approach

Human trafficking is a multi-faceted crime. It suffers from definitional and implementation problems. One facet the focus of this book is the transnational nature of much of the crime and the need for practitioners to operate across borders to combat it. Europe has taken a distinctive approach to cross border law enforcement and judicial cooperation which could be used as a model in other areas of the world. This publication examines these problems from a Council of Europe and European Union perspective including the now post-Brexit UK. The UK has adopted a distinctive approach to legislating and operationalising its trafficking in human beings (THB) legal frameworks also legislating for “slavery servitude forced and compulsory labour” resulting in distinctive results in internal UK law enforcement. It is argued here that this approach and the results should inform THB legislative and operational developments more widely. Further action in legal and operational frameworks is however clearly needed and the book advocates the adoption of a human security “freedom from fear” approach. Ultimately the interaction of different legal frameworks and different jurisdictions requires transnational practitioners to adopt a constructivist approach as was adopted for the development of the internal EU area of freedom security and justice. The book will be of interest to academics researchers and policy-makers working in the areas of transnational law migration law criminology and international relations. | The Transnational Crime of Human Trafficking A Human Security Approach

GBP 130.00
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Einstein Tagore and the Nature of Reality

Einstein Tagore and the Nature of Reality

The nature of reality has been a long-debated issue among scientists and philosophers. In 1930 Rabindranath Tagore and Albert Einstein had a long conversation on the nature of reality. This conversation has been widely quoted and discussed by scientists philosophers and scholars from the literary world. The important question that Tagore and Einstein discussed was whether the world is a unity dependent on humanity or the world is a reality independent on the human factor. Einstein took the stand adopted by Western philosophers and mathematicians namely that reality is something independent of the mind and the human factor. Tagore on the other hand adopted the opposite view. Nevertheless both Einstein and Tagore claimed to be realists despite the fundamental differences between their conceptions of reality. Where does the difference lie? Can it be harmonized at some deeper level? Can Wittgenstein for example be a bridge between the two views? This collection of essays explores these two fundamentally different conceptions of the nature of reality from the perspectives of theories of space-time quantum theory general philosophy of science cognitive science and mathematics. | Einstein Tagore and the Nature of Reality

GBP 38.99
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